Turbine-bucket.



i No. 868,419. PATENTED OG''. 15, 1907.

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W. L. R. EMMET. TURBINE BUGKET.

APPLIOATION I'ILED MAY 18I 1906.

PATENTED OGT. 15, 1907.

2 SHBETS-SEEET 2.

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lwhich will readily unite with the buckets.

UNITED sTAEs PAT'ENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM L. R. EMMET,

or soE'NEoTDY, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To GENERAL ELECTRIC' ooMPANY, A CORPORATION or NEW YORK. i

TUBBINE-BUCKET.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct: 15, 1907.

Application filed May 18, l905. Serial No. 260,961.

To all whom it may concem: i

Be it known that l; WILLIAM L. R. EMMET, a citizen of the United States,'residi.ng at Schenectady, county of Schencctady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useiul Improvements in Means for Attaching.Turbine-Buckets, of which the following is a speciiication. At the present time great difficulty is experienced fastening the buckets of turbines of the reaction type in place, and many machines have been wreked owing to buckets separating or tearing away from their supports due to centriiugal strains, thus entailin'g great expcnse and delay. This is due in large part to the enormous number of buckets required to be supported iu a limited area, and to the character of the bucket carrier, the latter usually being a drum which is ex-4 (-eedingly long compared to its diameter, thus prechuling any construction involving retaiuing devices which pass through the carrier.

The object of my invention is to overcome the objection set iorth and to provide a cheap, simple means for effectively securing the buckets in place.

In carrying out my invention the buckets either for the stationary or rotary part are cast into, welded to, or otherwise formed as an integral part of a base piece or portion. The base pieces are divided into segments of suitable length to be manufactured and handled conveniently. The sides of the base pieces are provided with one or more shoulders which may be intcrnal or external as desired. When two or more shoulders are formed on each base piece they are preferablylocated on opposite sides. The drum or support carrying the buckets is provided with grooves into which the base pieces fit snugly. Ordinarily these grooves --are made rectangular in cross-section, as are also the'base pieces of the buckets, but the parts can tak'e o'theriorms or shapes if desired. By using a rectangular formation, side walls of generous area may be provided which serve to accurately aline and hold the buckets before they are finally secure'd in place. The base pieces may be made of any suitable metal The drum will ordinarily be made out of steel. The buckets may be provided with covers at their ends or not as conditions of service demand. The covers are desirable because they stiffen the buckets and assist in supporting them. When covers are employed, securing tenons are formed integral with some or all of the buc'kets which extend through registering openings in the cover and are riveted over by a suitable tool. The cover sections or segments preferably are of the samelength as the segmental base portions, so that the planes of division will be coincident. The end of which partially encircles a tenon, so that one tenon suf'fices to secure the ends of adjacent cover sections in place. I may however so arrange the joint that it is located between two tenons. -This construction, While not as good as the former in certain respects, has this advantage, that each segment comprising a base portion, buckets and cover, is independent of every other segment. lAfter the bucket segments or sections are finished and the grooves turned in the steel drum, the former are inserted in the latter and by means of a suitable tool the metal of the drum is iorced over the shoulders formed on the base portion, thus forming lips or bodies of metal for firmly securing the parts in place. The metal of the drum can be forced over the shoulders by means of a suitable calki ing tool and hammer, or it may be rolled over the shoulder by subjecting it to heavy pressure and at the same'time turning the drum. The-latter method is preferable because it is quicker and insurcs better and more uniform work. Since these lips are continuous and on both sides of the base it follows that the. latter :willbe firmly secured at every point. v

In case of injury to some of the buckets the metal in the drum which retains the base portion of the buckets in place can be forced back by suitable tools and the damaged bucket segment or segments removed. In order to facilitate this work, a shallow groove is turned either in the drum or base-of the bucket-carrying segment or both, intowhich a tool can be inserted to pry up the segment. This can be done, of course, only after one segment has been cutout orremoved wholly or in part. Ordinarily it issimplest to cut out one bucket segment, after-which the others can be removed without'special difficulty. The use of the groove also. y

decreases the area of the surfaces which must be carefunyfinished.

In the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of my invention,"Figure l is a partial longitudinal section of a bucket-car'rier with buckets mounted thereon; Fig. 2 is a partial side elevation of the same; Fig. 3 shows a slight modification of the construction; Fig. 4 is a detail plan view showing the arrangement of the joint between the cover sections or'segments, with means for securing the sections in' place; Fig. 5 is a detailview showing the joint between the cover sections or segments located intermediate the bucke'ts; Fig. 6 is a detail view showing a slight modification in the form of retaining shoulder; and Fig. 7 shows -the buclets made in a straight strip which is afterwards bent.

1 represents a steel drum or other carrier for the buckets, and is provided with grooves of rectangular crosssection to receive the base portion' 2 of the buckets 3; A plufality of these buckets are carried by each of-the..

tenons'than buckets.

segmental base portions 2 which ordinarily extend completely round the-carrier. The opposite sides of the basey portion are providedl .with internal shoulders 4 which are adapted to receive the lips or bodies of metal 5 which are integral with the carrier and are formed by forcing the metal over the shoulders. The shoulders are located at apoint between the roots of the buckets and-the bottom of the base portion. The buckets are provided with a sectionalized or segmental cover 6 which is secured in place by tenons 7-formed integral with the buckets. I v I Where the ends of the Ybucketsare'intendedttmmn in close'proxmity to a casingorfdrum, -it'ispreferable to omit the-Cover 6, -inwhich case'the cnd of the-bucke't is made straight instead of being provided With a tenon. Such an arrangement'is shown in Fig. 17.

In Fig. 3 is shown a slight'modification. .The-shoul-` ders 4 for retaining' the buckets andvbaserpiece .in rplace,

instead of being made'internal as in K'Figs. 1 and 2, are

construction isemployed, it fis possible to remove a segmental bucket base and the attached buckets and 'cov-' e'rs without interfering with the covers'orlbuckets of an adjacent section. -In this arrangement eachcover sectionis made rectangular'inforrn with smooth sides and ends and has -a plurality of tenon-receiving opem'ngs which correspontl -in shape'and :pitchzto the tenons on 3 ithe'buckets. --In the vpresent lfigureas many tenons-are shown as thereare'buokets; but itiis .within-the scope'of my invention :to employ a lless'orgreater number ofr The'tenons are preferabliy prov'i'ded -with two straight .sides and .curved -ends, ithe curved en'cls conforming to the curvature of thefbuckets. By lreason of thislconstrution any tool employed jto vfinish the bucketsoanralso face the cunvedtportionof the tenon. The straiglit'or side :portion'o'f the-tenoris can be finished in any well-known way, as for example Iturned in-a lathe.. v

In -Fig.'6 the lbase portion-.ofithe-buckets is provided' lwith a shoulderlhaving a'relatively long inolinedsurface 1-1 which is ngaged ty theiip :12 on :hemm or ,other support.- This arrangementaffords a relatively long bearing surface to retain the vbuckets .inIplace yIn Fig. 7 the base portion of the buckets Eis madestraight so as'to simp'lify the construction, especially where'the fpartsiare cast, after whiohfthe'saidbaselportion is lbent toconformfto the-ourvature ofrthe-drum or other-support or carrier.I :As Fthe base fportion is bent suitable means may be provided to =insure the proper' vention, together with the apparatus which I now conv sider'torepresent the best embodirnent thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried outby other means.

What lI- claim as new and desire to secure by Letters fPatent of the United States, is,-

1. In a turbine, the combination'of-a=carrier=having-one Yor more vgrooves vtherein, a vbucket-supporting base or element mounted therein, a retaining shoulder between the base and carrier elements, and `a lip or body of metal for securing'the buckets'ln place, whichis made by'forclng an integral part-of one-of the elements into engngement with theslioulder after theibase is-inounted in place.

2. In a turbine, the combination of a carrier, one or more grooves therein, a bucket-supporting base mounted in a gr0ove,-a shoulder formed on the side of the'baise,` and a lip orvbody offl'metal for securing'the bucketsfand 'their bases'in place, which is made'by forc'ing aniintegral part of the carrier' over the shoulder after the base is mounted in place.

3. 'ln a turbine, -the combination of a carrier., one or fimoregrooves therein, a -plurality of buckets,^a segmental base'nnitedtoith'e buckets=and located'in a groove, retainingshoulders formed on opposite sides of the base, and

VVlips or bodies of metal for securing the buckets which are' -made by "forcing int'egral parts of the carrier over the shoulders after theibase ismounted lin place.

` 4. In la 'turhine, .the combination rof .a carrier, .one or more grooves therein, a segmental isupportlng base-united with the buckets and* located in a groove, one or more shoulders formeli on the base, a segmental cover for the buckets, -tenons 'for securing the-cover in place,- and one or more lips orbodies of-metal `which are made by forcing integral ,partsof-the carrier over the shoulders for securing the buckets after the'base is mounted in place.

5. In' a turbine, the combination of a carrier, one or more grooves therein, biicket-supporting -bases nnited with the buckets and located in .a groove, :a shoulder on the base, a lip or body fformingza part of the carrier which is forced over vthe shoulder after the base-is mounted on the carrier, and a groove formed between the base and the carrier 'to receive a -tool when -'it is desired to remove the buc'kets -6. Anrarticle of manufacture comprising a plurality'of .having smooth sidesand end's, and a plurality of openings betweenithe ends adapted to register with the buckets.

"8. In n-"turbine, "th'e combination of'a carrier having one or more grooves :thereln '-with buokvets-rmounte in the :groovey or grooves :and la :shoulder between' the vbuc kets and carrier, the said buokets being hold in place by changing.

the relative distribution ofthe-rnetal of the'carrier and .fheibukets Ju -witness-wher'eof, I have hereunto setI-.my ihand this 

